According to the EPA: "The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), commonly known as Superfund, was enacted by Congress on December 11, 1980. This law created a tax on the chemical and petroleum industries and provided broad Federal authority to respond directly to releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances that may endanger public health or the environment." In 1986, CERCLA was amended with the The Superfunds Amendment and Reauthorization Act, or SARA. Learn more here
Superfund sites across the U.S. Image retrieved from Wikipedia.